Amachado: /* FSTAB - Mount at boot time */

2018-04-23T17:17:50Z

‎FSTAB - Mount at boot time

Amachado: /* FSTAB - Mount at boot time */

2018-04-23T17:16:40Z

‎FSTAB - Mount at boot time

Amachado: Created page with "= Presentation = IPBRICK.OS v6.3 installed in LVM. Clients decides to map a new HDD to migrate users data. Here we describe the process to prepare a new LVM volume and move an..."

2018-04-20T17:54:30Z

Created page with "= Presentation = IPBRICK.OS v6.3 installed in LVM. Clients decides to map a new HDD to migrate users data. Here we describe the process to prepare a new LVM volume and move an..."

New page

= Presentation =
IPBRICK.OS v6.3 installed in LVM. Clients decides to map a new HDD to migrate users data. Here we describe the process to prepare a new LVM volume and move an existing homedirs/workareas to the new LVM filesystem.

== NOTE ==
'''IMPORTANT''' : this procedure is to be executed at IPBRICK.OS linux command line as super-user (su - root). This procedure is to be executed by a system administrator with some linux console knowledge. The instructions here presented were collected from a real scenario, meanwhile you are required to check, verifiy and adapt to your own installation.

== Contents ==
In the following sections you'll find:
* Scenarios - list of typical applications
* Technical procedures

= Scenarios =
The typical scenario is:
* one disk for operating system
* one disk for users data
* one disk for database binaries

These apply to:
* FileServer - users data separated from the operating system (OS) installation
* MailServer - users data separated from the OS
* iPortalDoc - data warehouse separated from the OS, database binaries in an independente volume

= Technical Procedures =
In this section we will be working with the following setup:
* IPBRICK.OS v6.3
* OS installation using LVM
* HDD setup:
** sda - the first HDD - OS installation
** sdb - the second HDD - for user data
** sdc - the third HDD - for user data

We will be working with LVM. All physical disks are to be grouped in one new volume group.

== Identify Blocks/Disks ==
LSBLK : helps you identify physical disks and their current assignment
<pre>
ipbrick:~# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1.9G 0 part
└─sda2 8:2 0 48.1G 0 part
├─vgsystem1-lvos (dm-0) 254:0 0 15G 0 lvm /
├─vgsystem1-lvswap (dm-1) 254:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
├─vgsystem1-lvvar (dm-2) 254:2 0 20G 0 lvm /var
└─vgsystem1-lvdata1 (dm-3) 254:3 0 11.1G 0 lvm /srv/data1
sdb 8:16 0 2T 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 2T 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
ipbrick:~#
</pre>

== Partitioning ==
PARTED : the tool to create partition table and partitions
<pre>
ipbrick:~# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 2.3
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) mktable gpt
(parted) print
Model: Msft Virtual Disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 2199GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

(parted) mkpart
Partition name? []?
File system type? [ext2]?
Start? 1
End? 2199GB
(parted) print
Model: Msft Virtual Disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 2199GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 2199GB 2199GB

(parted) select /dev/sdc
Using /dev/sdc
(parted) print
Error: /dev/sdc: unrecognised disk label
(parted) mktable gpt
(parted) print
Model: Msft Virtual Disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 2199GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags

(parted) mkpart
Partition name? []?
File system type? [ext2]?
Start? 1
End? 2199GB
(parted) print
Model: Msft Virtual Disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 2199GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: gpt

Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 2199GB 2199GB

(parted) quit
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

ipbrick:~#
</pre>
Check the new blocks:
<pre>
ipbrick:~# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 50G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1.9G 0 part
└─sda2 8:2 0 48.1G 0 part
├─vgsystem1-lvos (dm-0) 254:0 0 15G 0 lvm /
├─vgsystem1-lvswap (dm-1) 254:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
├─vgsystem1-lvvar (dm-2) 254:2 0 20G 0 lvm /var
└─vgsystem1-lvdata1 (dm-3) 254:3 0 11.1G 0 lvm /srv/data1
sdb 8:16 0 2T 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 2T 0 part
sdc 8:32 0 2T 0 disk
└─sdc1 8:33 0 2T 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
ipbrick:~#
</pre>

== LVM configuration ==
'''PVCREATE''' : initialize the physical volumes
<pre>
ipbrick:~# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdb1"
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdc1"
Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created
ipbrick:~#
</pre>
'''VGCREATE''' : initialize the volume group
<pre>
ipbrick:~# vgcreate vgshares /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
Volume group "vgshares" successfully created
ipbrick:~#
</pre>
'''VGDISPLAY''' : displays information on the volume groups
<pre>
ipbrick:~# vgdisplay vgshares
--- Volume group ---
VG Name vgshares
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 4.00 TiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 1048574
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 1048574 / 4.00 TiB
VG UUID 3htRDP-4EEE-xG24-VBrj-cUYP-dkUW-m1h8Ya

ipbrick:~#
</pre>
'''LVCREATE''' : creates logical volume
<pre>
ipbrick:~# lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n lvshares vgshares
Logical volume "lvshares" created
ipbrick:~#
</pre>
'''LVDISPLAY''' : displays information on the logical volume
<pre>
ipbrick:~# lvdisplay vgshares
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vgshares/lvshares
LV Name lvshares
VG Name vgshares
LV UUID JrTaAv-WYtf-SDCe-tzHl-6e0Z-VAJF-rjV5dn
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time gestdoc, 2018-04-20 18:02:24 +0100
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 4.00 TiB
Current LE 1048574
Segments 2
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 254:4

ipbrick:~#
</pre>

== FileSystem Configuration ==
'''MKFS.EXT4''' : initialize filesystem with EXT4 format
<pre>
ipbrick:~# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vgshares/lvshares
mke2fs 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
268435456 inodes, 1073739776 blocks
53686988 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
32768 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848, 512000000, 550731776, 644972544

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

ipbrick:~#
</pre>
Test-drive the new filesystem:
<pre>
ipbrick:~# mount /dev/vgshares/lvshares /mnt/
ipbrick:~# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
rootfs 15G 4.6G 9.4G 33% /
udev 10M 0 10M 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.6G 964K 1.6G 1% /run
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvos 15G 4.6G 9.4G 33% /
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/shm
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvvar 20G 1.5G 18G 8% /var
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvdata1 11G 44M 11G 1% /srv/data1
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvdata1 11G 44M 11G 1% /home1
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvdata1 11G 44M 11G 1% /home2
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvdata1 11G 44M 11G 1% /var/spool/hylafax
/dev/mapper/vgshares-lvshares 4.0T 67M 3.8T 1% /mnt
ipbrick:~# umount /mnt
ipbrick:~#
</pre>

== FSTAB - Mount at boot time ==
'''BLKID''' : identify blocks id
<pre>
ipbrick:~# blkid
/dev/sda2: UUID="exMrHD-qgY3-c8cy-Ao0t-Z6TG-JNiG-L2boKk" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvos: LABEL="LVOS" UUID="7f1dd815-0e0e-4148-bf55-e3b443de0afd" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvswap: UUID="b6de4b36-9f16-432b-9475-636008e5efed" TYPE="swap"
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvvar: LABEL="LVVAR" UUID="69a75bac-56e9-4ec6-b3a8-3f31b91019a3" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvdata1: LABEL="LVDATA1" UUID="c8c681b9-6cd5-40a1-a075-279b7745ccce" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdc1: UUID="qXYDO1-oExh-O1Bb-3swI-exLi-o8YC-ReAPQb" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="cuECJ4-w5Hl-PzMd-btZ3-8I49-tcye-VBkS4x" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/mapper/vgshares-lvshares: UUID="31875c98-c036-4718-ba3e-1d4212fe091b" TYPE="ext4"
ipbrick:~#
</pre>
'''FSTAB''' : filesystem fstab file
<pre>
ipbrick:~# cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvos / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/vgsystem1/lvswap none swap sw 0 0
/dev/fd0 /floppy auto user,noauto 0 0
/dev/cdrom /cdrom iso9660 ro,user,noauto 0 0
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvvar /var ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvdata1 /srv/data1 ext4 defaults,usrquota,grpquota,user_xattr,acl 0 2
/srv/data1/home1 /home1 none bind 0 0
/srv/data1/home2 /home2 none bind 0 0
LABEL=ipbrick-D /opt/system/backupDB auto user,noauto 0 0
/home1/_fax /var/spool/hylafax none bind 0 0
ipbrick:~#
</pre>

Create mount point, update fstab and do the mount.
<pre>
ipbrick:~# mkdir /home3
ipbrick:~# echo "/dev/mapper/vgshares-lvshares /home3 ext4 defaults,usrquota,grpquota,user_xattr,acl 0 2" >> /etc/fstab
ipbrick:~# cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvos / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/vgsystem1/lvswap none swap sw 0 0
/dev/fd0 /floppy auto user,noauto 0 0
/dev/cdrom /cdrom iso9660 ro,user,noauto 0 0
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvvar /var ext4 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvdata1 /srv/data1 ext4 defaults,usrquota,grpquota,user_xattr,acl 0 2
/srv/data1/home1 /home1 none bind 0 0
/srv/data1/home2 /home2 none bind 0 0
LABEL=ipbrick-D /opt/system/backupDB auto user,noauto 0 0
/home1/_fax /var/spool/hylafax none bind 0 0
/dev/mapper/vgshares-lvshares /home3 ext4 defaults,usrquota,grpquota,user_xattr,acl 0 2
ipbrick:~# mount /home3
ipbrick:~# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
rootfs 15G 4.6G 9.4G 33% /
udev 10M 0 10M 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.6G 964K 1.6G 1% /run
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvos 15G 4.6G 9.4G 33% /
tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 3.2G 0 3.2G 0% /run/shm
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvvar 20G 1.5G 18G 8% /var
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvdata1 11G 44M 11G 1% /srv/data1
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvdata1 11G 44M 11G 1% /home1
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvdata1 11G 44M 11G 1% /home2
/dev/mapper/vgsystem1-lvdata1 11G 44M 11G 1% /var/spool/hylafax
/dev/mapper/vgshares-lvshares 4.0T 67M 3.8T 1% /home3
ipbrick:~#
</pre>
Initialize basic structure:
<pre>
ipbrick:~# cd /home3/
ipbrick:/home3# mkdir _accounts _shares
ipbrick:/home3# ls -al
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Apr 20 18:15 .
drwxr-xr-x 29 root root 4096 Apr 20 18:12 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 20 18:15 _accounts
drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Apr 20 18:05 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 20 18:15 _shares
ipbrick:/home3#
</pre>

@@ Line 273: / Line 273: @@
         iterate through fstab doing their thing.
 </pre>
 '''BLKID''' : identify blocks id

@@ Line 254: / Line 254: @@
 == FSTAB - Mount at boot time ==
 '''BLKID''' : identify blocks id
 <pre>

Map new LVM - Revision history

Amachado: /* FSTAB - Mount at boot time */

Amachado: /* FSTAB - Mount at boot time */

Amachado: Created page with "= Presentation = IPBRICK.OS v6.3 installed in LVM. Clients decides to map a new HDD to migrate users data. Here we describe the process to prepare a new LVM volume and move an..."